Beryl is a mineral species that occurs in a variety of colours—including pink, red, green, blue, yellow, and colourless—due to trace impurities. Its six primary gemstone varieties are aquamarine (blue to blue-green), red beryl (red), emerald (green), heliodor (yellow), morganite (pink to peach), and goshenite (colourless). These colours result from elemental substitutions within its crystal structure.
Composed of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈, beryl is the primary source of beryllium and is highly valued in gemmology for its durability, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5–8. Each variety of beryl has its unique appeal and value, making it one of the most significant and popular gemstone families in the world.
